Hubungan Antara Kepuasan Kerjaya, Perapatan dan Sokongan Sosial Ke Atas Kepuasan Hidup Wanita Berkerjaya Pertengahan Usia Di Kuala Lumpur

The Relationship between Career Satisfaction, Attachment and Social Support towards Life Satisfaction among Middle-Aged Career Women in Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

This study aims to identify the relationship between career satisfaction, attachment and social support towards life satisfaction among middle-aged career women in Kuala Lumpur. This quantitative research utilized questionnaire survey method for data collection. The non-random sampling technique was utilized to determine the respondents of this study. A total number of 310 respondents had been recruited. The data were then analyzed using inferential analysis. The mean score for the variable, attachment is the highest (M = 47.04, SD = 5.22) followed by social support (M = 32.54, SD = 4.35), career satisfaction (M = 32.00, SD = 3.86) and life satisfaction (M = 27.81, SD = 3.07). The correlation between the variables of life satisfaction with social support, attachment and career satisfaction has indicated a positive, significant relationship between all of the variables (p < .01). The Pearson correlation analysis indicated that career satisfaction has a positive, moderate relationship with life satisfaction (r = .443, p < .01), while life satisfaction has indicated a positive, low relationship with social support (r = .362, p < .01) and attachment (r = .311, p < .01). This indicates that middle-aged career women’s life satisfaction in this study depends more on career satisfaction as compares to attachment and social support. Therefore, it is hoped that this study could contribute towards the understanding of the factors that influence life satisfaction of middle-aged career women. Counsellors and social workers can also utilize the finding from this study in planning strategies and agenda that can help to fulfil the need of social support among middle-aged career women. Future studies could also be conducted in the rural area to compare on the life satisfaction of middle-aged career women in that particular region.

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara kepuasan kerjaya, perapatan dan sokongan sosial ke atas kepuasan hidup wanita berkerjaya pertengahan usia di Kuala Lumpur. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan soal selidik bagi tujuan pengumpulan data. Responden kajian dipilih menggunakan teknik pensampelan bertujuan. Seramai 310 responden terlibat dalam kajian ini. Data yang diperoleh daripada kajian ini telah dianalisis secara inferensi. Skor min bagi pemboleh ubah perapatan adalah tertinggi (M = 47.04, SD = 5.22) diikuti sokongan sosial (M = 32.54, SD = 4.35), kepuasan pekerjaan (M = 32.00, SD = 3.86 dan kepuasan hidup (M = 27.81, SD = 3.07). Dapatan korelasi bagi pemboleh ubah kepuasan hidup dengan sokongan sosial, perapatan dan kepuasan pekerjaan mendapati terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan bagi keempat-empat pemboleh ubah yang dikaji (p < .01). Analisis korelasi Pearson mendapati kepuasan pekerjaan mempunyai hubungan positif yang sederhana dengan kepuasan hidup (r = .443, p < .01), manakala kepuasan hidup menunjukkan hubungan positif yang rendah dengan sokongan sosial (r = .362, p < .01) dan perapatan (r = .311, p < .01). Ini mencadangkan bahawa kepuasan hidup wanita berkerjaya pertengahan usia dalam kajian ini lebih bergantung kepada kepuasan kerjaya berbanding dengan sokongan sosial dan perapatan. Justeru, kajian ini diharap dapat memberi pemahaman terhadap faktor-faktor kepuasan hidup wanita bekerjaya pertengahan usia. Dapatan kajian ini juga boleh digunakan oleh kaunselor dan pekerja sosial dalam merangka lebih banyak strategi dan agenda untuk memenuhi keperluan kepada sokongan sosial dalam kalangan golongan tersebut. Kajian akan datang juga boleh dijalankan di kawasan luar bandar bagi melihat hasil perbandingan kepuasan hidup wanita berkerjaya di kawasan luar bandar tersebut.